Visible light is not able to activate the functional group (left), whereas UV light can do so (right). As a result it is possible to create a plaster which, upon UV-activation, can deliver a dose of medication. Credit: Empa Developed in the laboratory, tested at the University Hospital The membranes developed at Empa change their properties when they are irradiated with UV light. A similar effect is seen in photochromic sunglasses, where silver-doped glass reacts to UV light by darkening. In the new medicinal membranes, however, another light-sensitive functional chemical group is active, so called spiropyrans. When activated, these make the membrane more permeable, so that the active agent is able to pass through it more rapidly, a capability which is retained for several hours. In the absence of UV irradiation, the membrane simply prevents the active agent from permeating through it, as the researchers report in a recently published study in the scientific journal " Advanced Functional Materials ".
In comparison, the newest Wi-Fi standards operate as follows: 802. 11ah: Operates on frequency bandwidths below 1GHz, meaning it's capable of longer distance transmission than other standards. The top speed for 802. 11ah is 347Mbps. 802. 11ad: Operates on a bandwidth of 60GHz at speeds up to 6. 7Gbps — very fast, but only works up to 11 feet away from the access hub. 1ac (Wi-Fi 5): Operates on a bandwidth of 5 GHz or 2. 4 GHz, depending on the router, with speeds up to 3. 46Gbps. The latter two standards are a great deal faster than Gigabit Ethernet, but Lifewire's Bradley Mitchell contends that these theoretical Wi-Fi speeds do not match up with the actual speeds you'll experience. Still, WLANs allow you to move around conveniently with laptops and smartphones in the area. You won't experience the consistent speed of Ethernet, but you will get fairly high speeds and convenience with today's technology. LAN Example: Components Necessary for a LAN Connection To build a LAN or WLAN, you need the following: Computers with Interface Cards: Most modern PCs, laptops and tablets come with a network interface card (NIC) for Ethernet and one for Wi-Fi.
The job market is competitive and every career demands a substantive understanding of global dynamics today. In our program, we introduce our students to the fields of peace and security studies through one-on-one advising, intensive language training and education abroad. The students also participate in the myriad events and workshops related to dynamics of conflict and cooperation, network with experts and activists, work closely with our faculty and present their research in national conferences. War and Peace students are exceptional, winning nationally competitive awards every year. Faculty involved with the program are top-rated scholars and teachers, many of whom have won campus-wide teaching awards and have published scholarly works with top presses and in major journals. War and Peace Studies News War and Peace Studies (WPS) announces annual sponsorship for one exceptional WPS major to attend the Student Conference on U. S. Affairs (SCUSA) at the West Point Military Academy. For more information about SCUSA, please click here.